Archive for the 'auditory system' Category



Webinar-The Listening Program and Autism Spectrum Disorders

If you have an interest in learning more about The Listening Program® method of music listening therapy please join me for a live webinar this Sunday organized by the Akhil Autism Foundation.

The Listening Program® (TLP) is a music listening therapy that provides engaging brain stimulation to improve performance in school, work and life. This introductory webinar is free and will provide an overview of  the auditory system, auditory processing, and how music listening therapy can help improve the life of a child on the autism spectrum.

Date: Sunday, Dec. 20, 2009
Times: USA  11:00 AM – 12:00 PM EST (Eastern Standard Time)
9:00 AM – 10:00 AM MST (Mountain Standard Time)
India    9:30 PM – 10:30 PM IST (Indian Standard Time)

TO REGISTER: https://www2.gotomeeting.com/register/790568674

After registering you will receive a confirmation email containing information about the Webinar.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
PC
Required: Windows® 2000, XP Home, XP Pro, 2003 Server, Vista

Mac
Required: Mac OS® X 10.4 (Tiger®) or newer

Music Program Helps Children with Down Syndrome

Hearing and speech are common challenges for children with Down Syndrome or Trisomy 21.  Susceptible to chronic ear fluid and infections, auditory development is a crucial area of  focus when taking a comprehensive approach to helping these children reach their innate potential.

If hearing is impacted, so is  listening, auditory processing,  receptive and expressive language, and cognitive function. One broken link in the chain creates a domino effect in terms of  development of learning, behavior and communication.

Music listening therapy is a viable intervention for children with Down Syndrome. We have seen wide and varied success with The Listening Program® over the years, with the greatest success when the music is provided with a specialized audio system we developed called the ABT Bone Conduction Audio System™  that connects to an iPod or portable CD player and delivers the music simultaneously through air conduction and subtle vibrations through bone conduction. This integrated approach delivers a more reliable auditory signal to the brain helping to train it to discriminate sound and support other functions of the autonomic and central nervous systems.

A study was conducted by Gwyneth Jeyes and Caroline Newton in the UK in which a group of kids with Down Syndrome completed just half of the recommended minimum 50 hour protocol of The Listening Program® which is spread over the course of several months, with daily listening sessions of 15 or 30 minutes. These kids ages 5 to 12 yrs listened for just 25 hours and without the added bone conduction training. Even at this level of intervention all but one of the nine children showed improvements in listening, speech and language skills based on parent surveys. Other improvements were also seen in several of the children.

These results were presented in a Poster Session at the 1oth World Down Syndrome Congress in Dublin back in August. While the study is small, the outcomes are consistent with reports from Speech and Language Pathologists and other practitioners using The Listening Program® with their clients with this chromosomal anomaly.  I am hopeful that we will see interest in see a larger, controlled study.

Read or download the poster.

New Autism Study Demonstrates The Listening Program Improves Auditory Skills

A new study in the UK demonstrates The Listening Program® developed by Advanced Brain Technologies improves auditory skills in children with autism.

“A Study to Establish Whether the Use of The Listening Program is Effective in Improving Auditory Skills for Children with Autism” was presented by Gwyneth Jeyes  at the Developmental Practitioners Association Conference “Children Matter” In Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom back in September.

Twelve children on the autism spectrum ranging in age from 5 yrs. 8 mo. to 12 yrs. 4 mo. in Northern Ireland participated in the study. Results from the SCAN-C test for Auditory Processing Disorders demonstrated improvements in auditory skills in all children who completed The Listening Program® method of music listening therapy.

The Listening Program® has been widely used for more than a decade to reduce auditory hypersensitivites, improve auditory discrimination, increase communication skills, and social engagement for children on the autism spectrum. The outcomes of this research are encouraging, consistent with other studies,  and warrant the design of  a larger, controlled study to explore the feasibility of more widespread use of this music listening therapy method to improve auditory processing skills for children with autism spectrum disorders.

To read the full study

We Read With Our Ears

It may sound strange but we read with our ears. A recent study at Northwestern provides clear evidence to support the groundbreaking theories developed by the late Alfred Tomatis, M.D. in the mid twentieth century about the role the ear plays in reading.

The vast majority of school-aged children can focus on the voice of a teacher amid the cacophony of the typical classroom thanks to a brain that automatically focuses on relevant, predictable and repeating auditory information, according to new research from Northwestern University.

But for children with developmental dyslexia, the teacher’s voice may get lost in the background noise of banging lockers, whispering children, playground screams and scraping chairs, the researchers say. Their study appears in the Nov. 12 issue of Neuron.

Recent scientific studies suggest that children with developmental dyslexia — a neurological disorder affecting reading and spelling skills in 5 to 10 percent of school aged children — have difficulties separating relevant auditory information from competing noise.

The research from Northwestern University’s Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory not only confirms those findings but presents biological evidence that children who report problems hearing speech in noise also suffer from a measurable neural impairment that adversely affects their ability to make use of regularities in the sound environment.

“The ability to sharpen or fine-tune repeating elements is crucial to hearing speech in noise because it allows for superior ‘tagging’ of voice pitch, an important cue in picking out a particular voice within background noise,” said Nina Kraus, Hugh Knowles Professor of Communication Sciences and Neurobiology and director of the Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory.

In the article “Context-dependent encoding in the human auditory brainstem relates to hearing speech-in-noise: Implications for developmental dyslexia,” Kraus and co-investigators Bharath Chandrasekaran, Jane Hornickel, Erika Skoe and Trent Nicol demonstrate that the remarkable ability of the brain to tune into relevant aspects in the soundscape is carried out by an adaptive auditory system that continuously changes its activity based on the demands of context.1  Click here for full article.

These findings are consistent with part of the underlying theories behind our work at Advanced Brain Technologies. This research and studies on musical training at Northwestern provides support to warrant further studies on the potential of using music listening therapy (The Listening Program®) as an intervention for struggling readers.

1 Retrieved November 12, 2009 http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-11/nu-nbf110309.php

What is The Listening Program?

I just wanted to share a new video released today called What is The Listening Program®? It includes interviews with professionals and others that have used this music listening therapy to improve their lives.  If you have 15 minutes please take a look and let me know what you think! Video Link

Musical Training Helps You Hear Speech In Noise

Researchers at Northwestern University have revealed that music training may in fact help you listen in noisy environments.

Thirty-one study participants, with normal hearing and a mean age of 23, were divided into one group with music experience and another without it. They had to listen to sentences presented in increasingly noisy conditions and repeat back what they heard.

The study shows that musicians — trained to hear sounds embedded in a rich network of melodies and harmonies — are primed to understand speech in a noisy background, say in a restaurant, classroom or plane.

It is the first demonstration of musical training offsetting the deleterious effects of background noise, and the implications are provocative. 

The study points to a highly pragmatic side of music’s magic,” said Nina Kraus, Hugh Knowles Professor of Communication Sciences and Neurobiology and director of Northwestern’s Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, where the research was done.

Better perception in noise was linked with better working memory and tone discrimination ability. The results imply that musical training enhances the ability to hear speech in challenging listening environments by strengthening auditory memory and the representation of important acoustic features.

By reinforcing the pervasive effects that musical experience has on sound-processing abilities, Nina Kraus stressed, this study underscores the importance of music education being more accessible to the general population.[1]

The Listening Program® (TLP) is a method of music listening therapy developed by my company Advanced Brain Technologies. TLP includes classical music specially arranged, recorded, and modified with acoustic features that help the listener in part, extract specific sounds from other sounds within music just as the musician does when practicing or performing.

By listening to this music with certain natural attributes psychoacoustically-modified including the mechanisms of tone, intensity, time, and space we find that listeners refine discrimination skills that generalize into practical life experiences such as listening in a classroom, restaurant, and in the work place.

This study provides further support to the theory behind our approach to listening training. Further, someone may not need to be a musician to experience such benefits but can turn to a method such as The Listening Program for the purpose of improved listening in the presence of background noise, a result frequently reported to us by providers using this approach with children over the course of the last ten years.     

 

 


[1] Northwestern University (2009, August 27). Taking Up Music So You Can Hear. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 28, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090817142857.htm

Estrogen Affects Auditory Sensitivity

Scientists at the University of Rochester have discovered that the hormone estrogen plays a pivotal role in how the brain processes sounds.

The findings, published in the May 5 issue of The Journal of Neuroscience, show for the first time that a sex hormone can directly affect auditory function, and point toward the possibility that estrogen controls other types of sensory processing as well. Understanding how estrogen changes the brain’s response to sound, say the authors, might open the door to new ways of treating hearing deficiencies.

Of particular interest is that estrogen modulates the gain of auditory neurons. This finding could be a critical to the successful treatment of  sound discrimination problems and hypersensitivity to sounds in the future. 

University of Rochester (2009, May 6). Estrogen Controls How The Brain Processes Sound. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 5, 2009, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/05/090505174543.htm

What’s That Buzzing Sound?

Flashback to 1985, its 2:00 a.m. and I ask my friend what that buzzing sound is. “What sound?” he replies. I can’t figure out where this strange noise is coming from and he tells me he can’t hear it. This was incredibly disquieting and led to a sleepless night. We were on winter break in my freshman year of college and had just returned from a concert by one of my favorite California Punk Rock bands (who shall remain nameless to protect the innocent) at the Utah State Fairgrounds in Salt Lake City.

As a child I experienced ear infections, had ear tubes, and later developed hyperacousis which is sensitivity to certain sounds. On this fateful night at age 17, listening to loud, hard charging music my apparently fragile auditory system reached a threshold where it could no longer offer protection from this sustained aural assault. I experienced an acoustic trauma which quite likely started the ringing in my ears which I later learned was called tinnitus.

I’m one of the fortunate people who only have brief experiences with these unusual noises seemingly created from within. They are short lived and only occur when I am under acute stress.  However there are millions far less fortunate including my wife who have sustained and often punishing perception of noise. She suffers from a hearing loss and what is often unbearable tinnitus.

Paradoxically an article just came to my attention titled “That Buzzing Sound- The mystery of tinnitus”. It was published in today’s issue of The New Yorker-Digital Edition. The author is Jerome Groopman who opens with a similar experience to my own where he makes the rather unpleasant discovery of a phantom noise that only he could perceive. Huge advancements have been made in tinnitus research and treatment. This is a well researched article that I highly encourage you to read if you or anyone you know experiences that strange buzzing sound.    

http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2009/02/09/090209fa_fact_groopman?currentPage=all

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